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Czech Primary Teachers' Approach to English Pronunciation Teaching
Jirsová, Emma ; Červinková Poesová, Kristýna (advisor) ; Müller Dočkalová, Barbora (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to ascertain the current state of English pronunciation teaching at primary schools in the Czech Republic by researching Czech teachers' approach to it. The thesis comprises a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part first describes the importance, aim, and content of pronunciation teaching as well as the effectiveness of pronunciation instruction and reasons for neglecting it. Furthermore, it characterizes young learners, gives recommendations for teaching pronunciation to them, describes an integrative approach to pronunciation teaching, and looks into how pronunciation is taught at primary schools in different European countries. The practical part of this diploma thesis presents, analyzes, and discusses the findings of a survey completed by 108 Czech primary teachers focusing on their approach to pronunciation teaching. The results of the survey describe the teachers' pronunciation pedagogy training, their perspectives on pronunciation teaching, the way they implement it into their English lessons at primary schools, the reasons why some educators teach pronunciation spontaneously, and the changes which would facilitate systematic pronunciation teaching. Keywords English pronunciation teaching, primary level, young learners, English as a Foreign Language
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Individualization, differentiation, and personalization in mathematics in the Czech Republic through three different approaches: Scheme-oriented, Child-centred, and Undesignated
Brožová, Miroslava ; Coufalová, Jana (advisor) ; Vondrová, Naďa (referee) ; Rowland, Tim (referee)
The goal of the presented work was to determine whether and how individualization, differentiation, and personalization are utilized in the principles of the selected programs and in the teachers' beliefs and practices in the teaching of mathematics at elementary school. In order to collect data, six teachers in the Czech Republic were selected with three different approaches to teaching- Scheme oriented approach, child-centred educational approach, and an undesignated mainstream approach. The basic concepts and all three selected approaches to teaching were defined in the theoretical part of the work. In the experimental part, episodes from interviews about beliefs and practices identified in teaching were interpreted within the context of characteristics of individualization, differentiation, and personalization. Practices such as the use of textbooks and homework assignments were specifically described. The study shows that teachers of a scheme-oriented approach and a child-centred educational approach use elements of individualization, differentiation, and personalization in their practices. Individualization appears in the teaching of the undesignated mainstream approach, but this approach does not contain aspects of differentiation and personalization. The analysis in all monitored areas of...
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Computational thinking development of pupils in the Early Years
Jarolímková, Lucie ; Černochová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Fialová, Irena (referee)
The master's thesis addresses the topic of developing computational thinking at the primary school. The theoretical part defines the fundamental concepts of computational thinking and its components, digital literacy. The theoretical part also includes an analysis of the curriculum for elementary school and its changes in the field of computer science focused on the primary school. The basic concepts of computational thinking are characterized, and the issues in the curriculum in the Czech Republic and abroad are outlined. The theoretical part includes an analysis of textbooks for teaching computational thinking at the primary school, mainly analyzing the textbook by Berki, J., and Drábková, J. (2020) Foundations of Informatics for the primary school, along with specific chapters for its practical verification. The practical part describes the preparation and implementation of a research survey at the primary school. The aim was to assess the level of computational thinking among students, conduct lessons using the informatics textbook, and determine the impact of teaching on the development of computational thinking. The seven-hour informatics instruction took place at a school in Prague with a group of twenty-two students in the fifth grade of elementary school. The students were given the same...
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ADHD problematic at elementary school in physical education class
Janíková, Alice ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Bunc, Václav (referee)
The theoretical part defines the ADHD concept, its causes, symptoms of this disorder and available treatment and aids to help a student with ADHD. Possible associated diseases are described as well. The paper also focuses on physical education, its history and development. The didactic principles of teaching physical education at initial stages of primary schools are also included. In the practical part, structured interviews with parents and teachers are used to identify problems that occur or may occur to students with ADHD during a physical education class, or at home. Physical education during a coronavirus pandemic was restrained, therefore the research tried to find out how those children were doing exercises and how the effort of the teachers looked like in respect to physical education. Based on these answers, a set of games / lessons was created that would help to prevent difficulties. Those activities should be designed to be manageable to practice them at home in the spaces between online lessons, even for ADHD students. KEYWORDS ADHD, hyperactivity, motor skills, games and activities, physical education, elementary school
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Didactic potential of literary works with the theme of death in primary education
Bauerová, Zuzana ; Komberec, Filip (advisor) ; Laufková, Veronika (referee)
The thesis deals with the topic of death and how to convey it to the pupils of primary school by means of literature. The first aim of the thesis is to justify why the topic of death belongs in the primary school curriculum. The main reason is that if communication about the topic of death is denied to children or is done in an inappropriate way, children form wrong ideas about it, which can have a negative impact on them. This thesis explores how the concept of death evolves over time, both within society and in the individual. Another aim is to explore the specifics of working with texts containing the death motif. In fact, literature is the most appropriate tool to open up the topic of death and help individual to process it. This applies in the school environment as well as outside of it. It is caused not only by the content itself, but also because of the way the recipient processes the information received from this medium. The main aim of this paper is to compile a list of literary works suitable for dealing with the theme of death in a school setting and to briefly characterize them. I have chosen one book title for each year of primary school and proposed a methodology for the work. Ordered from first grade to fifth grade, I selected the following works: The Visit from Little Death, The...
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Inclusion of elements from judo in physical education at the 1st stage of elementary school
Pecárová, Michaela ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Panská, Šárka (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on the inclusion of judo elements in physical education at the 1st grade of elementary school. The goal of this thesis is to design and verify in practice a teaching program that would correspond to the skills and abilities of first-grade students. It is a comprehensive program of movement skills in the field of preparatory exercises and basic techniques, which is intended for beginners in the field of judo. The created program is taught in several groups of 1st grade students of different ages, at the end of the program the individual techniques were evaluated by the evaluation committee. The proposed program is evaluated by the students in the form of a questionnaire survey. It is functional and attractive for students. The knowledge gained can serve as a guide or motivation for how and why to work with judo as part of physical education at the 1st grade of primary schools. KEYWORDS judo, principles of judo, tackles, first grade of elementary school, basic techniques, teaching program
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ADHD problematic at elementary school in physical education class
Janíková, Alice ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Kainová, Lucie (referee)
The theoretical part defines the ADHD concept, its causes, symptoms of this disorder and available treatment and aids to help a student with ADHD. Possible associated diseases are described as well. The paper also focuses on physical education, its history and development. The didactic principles of teaching physical education at initial stages of primary schools are also included. In the practical part, structured interviews with parents and teachers are used to identify problems that occur or may occur to students with ADHD during a physical education class, or at home. Physical education during a coronavirus pandemic was restrained, therefore the research tried to find out how those children were doing exercises and how the effort of the teachers looked like in respect to physical education. Based on these answers, a set of games / lessons was created that would help to prevent difficulties. Those activities should be designed to be manageable to practice them at home in the spaces between online lessons, even for ADHD students. KEYWORDS ADHD, hyperactivity, motor skills, games and activities, physical education, elementary school
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The use of scouting elements at primary school
Marková, Anna ; Stará, Jana (advisor) ; Zemanová, Blanka (referee)
This thesis analyses primary education and the current trend of environmental education. It focuses on Scout and its educational approach. The starting points and educational principles of scouting are related to the current popular trends in education at primary schools. The Učíme se venku program and Real World Learning were chosen as similar effective environmental approaches that seek to have the same impact on pupils' attitudes and values. The Step by Step program was added to the thesis for the purpose of conducting research in the activity centres. Scout's methods and outlooks on education coincide with these approaches and with the Framework Education Programme in pedagogical goals, such as evolving the pupil's attitudes and values, a partnership approach, a positive relationship with nature and the upbringing of a democratic citizen. The theoretical part of the thesis aims to present the Scout's educational method and to compare it with other environmental programs and the Framework Education Programme, to establish where they agree and where they differ. The aim of the practical part is to find out how it is possible to use the individual elements of these directions in teaching at primary schools. The research results indicate the benefits of using elements of scouting for teaching at...
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Inclusion of elements from judo in physical education at the 1st stage of elementary school
Pecárová, Michaela ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Panská, Šárka (referee)
Zařazení prvků juda do tělesné výchovy na 1. stupni ZŠ Michaela Duchanová ABSTRACT The diploma thesis focuses on the inclusion of judo elements in physical education at the 1st grade of elementary school. The goal of this work is to design and verify in practice a teaching program that would correspond to the skills and abilities of first grade students. It is a comprehensive program of movement skills in the field of preparatory exercises and basic techniques, which is intended for beginners in the field of judo. The created program is verified with the help of pedagogical research in several groups of 1st grade pupils of different ages. The proposed program is functional and attractive for students. The knowledge gained can serve as a guide or motivation for how and why to work with judo as part of physical education at the 1st grade of primary schools. KEYWORDS judo, principles of judo, tackles, first grade of elementary school, basic techniques, teaching program
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Total Physical Response in Different Age Groups
Pinkasová, Markéta ; Dvořák, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Hofmannová, Marie (referee)
A foreign language teaching method called Total Physical Response is described in the theoretical part. The originator proposes the method for any age group; despite the fact, the use of the method changes in different age groups, due to cognitive development of students and their level of English. The practical part shows opinions of present English teachers in Poděbrady and its neighborhood about usage of the method in their lessons.
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